TRAIL+ (LL.M.)

The TRAIL+ programme is interdisciplinary and emphasises the rules, regulations and institutions - both domestic and international - which govern foreign trade, investment, the operations of multinational enterprises, and the interests and roles of stakeholders. Courses consist of lectures and case studies offering students opportunities for classroom discussions and individual research.

Curriculum

LL.M. courses include:
International Trade Regulation; International Economic Dispute Resolution; International Economic Law and the Pursuit of Core Societal Values and Interests; International Investment Law; International Intellectual Property Law; WTO Law on Dumping and Anti-Dumping; WTO Law on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures; International Financial Regulation; International Environmental Law; Introduction to Swiss and International Taxation; WTO Law on Taxation and Regulation versus National Policy Space; WTO Law on Border Measures and Trade Facilitation; International Law of Contemporary Media, as well as participation in several moot courts.

DAS courses include:
International Economics; Global Political Economy; Global Economic Governance Seminar Series; Socio-Economic Development in Theory and Practice; Seminar on Trade Economics; Trade, Agriculture and Food Security; Innovation and Intellectual Property Protection; International Investment Law and Economic Development.

*For a full list of available courses, please refer to the TRAIL+ curriculum (link to the right).

For questions about the curriculum, please contact the Academic Coordinator.

Faculty

TRAIL+ course offerings draw on a global, highly experienced faculty. For a list of lecturers, please see the in-house and external faculty lists on the WTI People page and visit the University of Bern Faculty of Law page.

We are accepting applications on a rolling basis for the TRAIL+ programme starting in September 2019 and Spring 2020.

Admission requirements:

To be considered for admission to the TRAIL+ programme at the World Trade Institute, you are required to have completed a degree in law (licentiate or master's degree), or have a degree that is deemed equivalent, i.e. a degree in law which entitles you to sit for the bar exam or equivalent in your country of origin.

To apply for the TRAIL+ and for a detailed list of requirements, please click on the TRAIL+ application form (Word document on right).

Please send your complete application by email (subject line: Admission to the TRAIL+), or by mail to World Trade Institute, University of Bern, Hallerstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.

English language requirements:
The TRAIL+ is taught exclusively in English. Therefore, you must arrive at the WTI and the University of Bern with a level of English that allows you to fully benefit from the courses. In particular, your level of English needs to allow you to express yourself effectively in and outside the classroom, deliver on weekly writing assignments and adequately cover a weekly reading load of up to 200 pages.

When evaluating your application, the selection committee pays close attention to evidence of your proficiency in English. As is common for graduate programmes, you are required to submit objective test scores of one of the accepted tests listed below:

Test                          Minimum Score  
TOEFL ibT                100 points or above   

TOEFL Paper           600 points or above   

IELTS                        7.0 or above   

Cambridge CAE        A    

Cambridge CPE        C or higher   

Exemptions:
The following applicants are exempt from submitting test scores:

• Native English speakers
• Students with an undergraduate and/or graduate degree from an institution in the USA, Canada, the UK, Ireland, Australia or New Zealand, where English was the primary language of instruction and the degree was awarded no longer than five years ago.

You may apply for exemption from submitting test scores if you are:

• A student with an undergraduate and/or graduate degree from an institution where English was the primary language of instruction and the degree was awarded no longer than five years ago
• A student who has completed at least one year of study in an English speaking country and at an institution where English was the primary language of instruction immediately prior to joining the TRAIL+ programme.

Please contact us if you are unsure of your exemption status. We will be glad to help. However, please be advised that exemptions from the language requirement are rarely granted. Important: Independent of your exemption status, you are required to fill in the section on English language in the TRAIL+ application form and submit a two-page essay in English as part of your application.

Tuition fees
Tuition for the TRAIL+ programme is 21,000 Swiss francs for both full and part-time studies.
 
Tuition payments are not required until you have been accepted to the programme. You may benefit from either one of the following two payment methods:

• A 5% discount is applied if you pay your entire tuition fee prior to the first day of the programme.
• Alternatively, the first instalment (1/3 of your tuition fee) is due prior to the first day of the programme, the second instalment (1/3 of your tuition fee) is due prior to the first day of the second semester and the third instalment (1/3 of your tuition fee) is due prior to the first day following the spring break.
• No discounts apply to tuition paid in instalments. 

Registration fee
Application for the TRAIL+ programme is free. A one-time, non-refundable registration fee of 200 Swiss francs is required upon admission to the programme. We will provide you with bank details once we confirm your admission to the TRAIL+ programme.

Any charges incurred during transfer of the tuition fee or registration fee must be borne by the applicant.

Partial tuition waiver
The WTI offers a limited number of partial tuition waivers to outstanding candidates. Candidates pre-selected by partner universities of the WTI also benefit from a partial tuition waiver. Partial tuition waivers are in principle for the amount of CHF 3,000.

All TRAIL+ applicants will be considered for financial aid upon request. Please fill out the form on the right and submit it together with your application. Applicants are strongly encouraged to apply for other sources of funding.

Full tuition waiver

• A full tuition waiver will be awarded to one person for an outstanding performance during the Grand Final of the Final Oral Round of the John H. Jackson Moot Court Competition (formerly ELSA Moot Court).

The TRAIL+ programme is a non-consecutive LL.M. in Trade and Investment Law programme combined with a and Diploma of Advanced Studies (DAS) in International Law and Economics programme. Successful completion of the TRAIL+ programme includes both the LL.M. and DAS components. Students who successfully fulfil the requirements of the TRAIL+ programme are awarded the following degrees:

LEGUM MAGISTER / LEGUM MAGISTRA

and

DIPLOMA OF ADVANCED STUDIES IN INTERNATIONAL LAW AND ECONOMICS

ECTS: the TRAIL+ programme counts for 90 ECTS (European Credit Transfer System Points).

Language of instruction: English

Studies begin: January or September

Length of studies: The TRAIL+ programme is designed for full-time completion in 12 to 15 months. The programme can also be taken on a part-time basis within three years.

Additional Information: In addition to the courses offered during the autumn and spring semesters, TRAIL+ programme students are able to take advantage of WTI Summer Academy courses, as well as a limited set of courses from the WTI’s flagship MILE programme. 

For questions about the curriculum, please contact the Academic Coordinator.

The WTI internship programmes provide financial and/or other support to WTI master's students who wish to do an internship upon completion of their studies.

John H. Jackson Internship Programme
The John H. Jackson Internship Programme was set up to honour the legacy of John Jackson, the most influential academic of his era in the field of international trade law and policy. Prof. Jackson was a long-term friend and supporter of the WTI. Established in close consultation with his family, the Programme offers financial support to one WTI master's student each year to pursue an unpaid internship at an NGO or public institution. During his or her internship, the student will be expected to work on a multidisciplinary project relating to trade and/or investment law and policy.

Thomas Cottier Internship Programme
The Thomas Cottier Internship Programme was set up to honour Thomas Cottier, the founder and first Managing Director and Director of Studies of the World Trade Institute (WTI). Initiated by Roberto Echandi, Investment Policy Global Lead of the Investment Climate Unit of the Trade and Competitiveness Global Practice of the World Bank Group, the Thomas Cottier Internship Programme allows WTI master's student per year to pursue an internship at the Investment Policy and Promotion Team of the World Bank in Washington DC.

Luzius Wasescha Internship Programme
Named after the late Luzius Wasescha, former Swiss ambassador to the WTO and long-term Chair of the WTI Board, the Luzius Wasescha Internship Programme allows one WTI master's student per year to pursue an unpaid internship at an international organisation, Geneva-based diplomatic mission, non-governmental organisation or law firm active in the field of international economic law and policy.

Geneva Internship Support Fund
Funded by Pierre Sauvé, Senior Trade Specialist within the World Bank Group in Geneva, WTI faculty member and the former WTI Director of External Programmes and Academic Partnerships, the Geneva Internship Fund offers financial assistance to one deserving WTI masters’ student per year to pursue an unpaid internship at a Geneva-based international organisation, diplomatic mission or non-governmental organisation active in the field of international economic law and policy. Eligibility for financial support is contingent on a candidate’s’ selection to an unpaid internship in Geneva subsequent to completing WTI course work, financial need, overall academic performance at the WTI, quality of participation in WTI courses taught by the sponsor and propensity to laugh heartily at all his jokes. Students interested in being considered for financial assistance should send a short motivational message to Pierre Sauvé at psauve@worldbank.org by June 15th. Funding decisions will announced annually at the closing ceremony of the MILE and TRAIL+ programmes.

Internship opportunities at international law firms and organisations
Other internship opportunities to well-qualified WTI graduate students include:

• Appleton Luff, Brussels, http://appletonluff.com/brussels-office/
• Fratini Vergano, Brussels, http://www.fratinivergano.eu/en/
• VVGB, Brussels, Brussels, http://www.vvgb-law.com
• WTI Advisors, Geneva, http://www.wtiadvisors.com
• Universal Postal Union, Bern, http://www.upu.int/en.html

1. I cannot decide whether to take the MILE or the TRAIL+ programme. How do the two differ?

The MILE has been our flagship programme since 1999 and taps into the expertise of the world’s leading academics and practitioners in the field of international economic governance. The uniquely multidisciplinary MILE programme includes law courses as well courses in economics and political science.  Upon completion of the programme, the student is awarded a Master of International Law and Economics (MILE) degree, which is equivalent to a Master of Advanced Studies. 

The TRAIL+ programme is a newly-launched programme which includes more law courses and fewer courses on economics and political science and is more suitable for students wishing to pursue a career as a practising lawyer or a PhD in law. The TRAIL+ programme is offered by the World Trade Institute in cooperation with the Faculty of Law of the University of Bern. Upon the successful conclusion of the TRAIL+ programme, the student is awarded an LL.M. in International Trade and Investment Law, as well as a Diploma of Advanced Studies in International Law and Economics.  

2. Which programme helps me qualify for a PhD in law programme?

Graduates of the TRAIL+ programme qualify for pursuing a PhD in law. They are eminently well qualified for pursuing doctoral studies in the field of international economic law. MILE graduates with an LL.M. or JD also qualify. However, MILE graduates with a BA, LLB or equivalent degree do not qualify.

3. I am an alumnus / alumna of the MILE programme with a degree in law. Can I get my LL.M. retrospectively?

Please contact the WTI to determine your eligibility for the TRAIL+ programme. Please note, however, that credits already used to obtain the MILE degree cannot be used again to obtain an LL.M.

4. Is the application process the same for the MILE and for the TRAIL+?

Yes. There are two separate forms to fill out with nearly identical information. Please refer to the 'Admission' section of our website for information on how to apply for each programme. The application requirements are the same for both.

5. Why do both programmes have the same amount of ECTS points, but only one qualifies me for a PhD in law programme?

The TRAIL+ programme qualifies students for a PhD in law programme*, because the academic course offering of the Faculty of Law gives them the amount of ECTS points needed to receive an LL.M. (60 ECTS). In addition, TRAIL+ students take additional courses on international law and economics (30 ECTS). Hence the +. Students completing these courses are awarded, in addition to an LL.M. in International Trade and Investment Law, a Diploma of Advanced Studies (DAS) in International Law and Economics. Such students are eminently well prepared to pursue a PhD in international economic law. 

TRAIL+ students have more law courses and fewer courses in economics and political science than MILE students. Both the MILE and the TRAIL+ programmes are demanding 90 ECTS programmes. The MILE programme is tailored to those students who wish to work in the field of international economic governance as multi-disciplinary experts, while the TRAIL+ programme is more suitable for students wishing to pursue a career as a practising lawyer in this field or wishing to pursue a PhD in law. 

6. I am currently employed and want to take the MILE or the TRAIL+ programme on a part-time basis. Is this possible?

Yes, TRAIL+ and MILE courses can be taken on a part-time basis over a two to three year period. If you are interested in taking a programme part-time, please indicate so on your application form. Upon admission to the programme of your choice and in consultation with the WTI Director of Studies, you will be able to pursue the programme on a part-time basis.

7. I see that it is possible to receive financial aid for the MILE programme. How about the TRAIL+ programme?

All MILE and TRAIL+ applicants are, on request, considered for financial aid. For more information on financial aid, visit the 'Financial Aid' section of our website.

* Article 6 (1) of the Promotionsreglement of the University of Bern Law Faculty stipulates that law students must have received grade 5 or higher in their LL.M. degree to be admitted to the Faculty's PhD programme.